Edo Period (江戸時代) (1603-1868): Becoming a staple in Japanese Fashion
Between 1185-1603, the kimono became a staple piece in every Japanese person’s wardrobe. Two things that happened during this period was the creation of traditional Japanese colour combinations and Ai-zome (藍染め, indigo dye), which both rose in popularity. Ai-zome was considered better than other natural dyes due to its compatibility with all types of fibres (especially cellulose fibres, which were very difficult to dye with other options) and also for being one of the more non-fading and fast-washing natural dyes.
Alongside the creation of Ai-zome, this was also the time of the birth of traditional Japanese colour combinations, with each being based on seasons, gender, or even political ties. One of the reasons for the references was to do with the experience of the four seasons in Japan. A new culture of appreciating the ever-changing colours of Japanese nature allowed for each season to be reflected in the colour combinations of the kimono.
During this period, townspeople became more affluent and began spending more money on clothing. As a result, the kimono-making industry thrived alongside the growing public demand for better quality and higher-skilled dyeing and weaving of apparel.
The Tokugawa Shogunate (徳川幕府) came into power, which led Japan into a period of stability and peace. During this time they were also in a phase of Sakoku (鎖国, total isolation), where the government cut off all foreign trade. During this time of isolation, without foreign influence, the “Japanese Fashion Renaissance” came about. Japanese fashion designers were able to fully embrace their culture and create authentically Japanese fashion, which led to changes in how the kimono is interpreted and worn.